2023
Journal article
Closed Access
Shallow portion of an active geothermal system revealed by multidisciplinary studies: the case of Le Biancane (Larderello, Italy)
Granieri D., Mazzarini F., Cerminara M., Calusi B., Scozzari A., Menichini M., Lelli M.
The natural park of Le Biancane is located in the southern sector of the Larderello-Travale geothermal field (LTGF). It extends over an approximately 100,000 m2 area where the impermeable caprock is locally absent and deep fluids may directly reach the surface. Through a multidisciplinary approach including measurements of soil CO2 flux (total output of 11.5 t day-1), soil temperature (average 34.4 °C), stable isotope and chemical data on fluids from fumaroles (dominated by a mixture of geothermal gases and air or gases from air-saturated meteoric water), and structural analysis of the formation outcropping, we found that anomalous CO2 emissions are positively correlated with shallow temperature anomalies. These are in restricted locations adjacent to vents and fumaroles, where a network of well-connected fractures (preferentially NW-SE and NE-SW orientated and with steep dips) drains efficiently allowing upward migration of the deep fluids and the energy toward the surface.Source: Geothermics 108 (2023). doi:10.1016/j.geothermics.2022.102616
DOI: 10.1016/j.geothermics.2022.102616
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Granieri D., Mazzarini F., Cerminara M., Calusi B., Scozzari A., Menichini M., Lelli M.
The natural park of Le Biancane is located in the southern sector of the Larderello-Travale geothermal field (LTGF). It extends over an approximately 100,000 m2 area where the impermeable caprock is locally absent and deep fluids may directly reach the surface. Through a multidisciplinary approach including measurements of soil CO2 flux (total output of 11.5 t day-1), soil temperature (average 34.4 °C), stable isotope and chemical data on fluids from fumaroles (dominated by a mixture of geothermal gases and air or gases from air-saturated meteoric water), and structural analysis of the formation outcropping, we found that anomalous CO2 emissions are positively correlated with shallow temperature anomalies. These are in restricted locations adjacent to vents and fumaroles, where a network of well-connected fractures (preferentially NW-SE and NE-SW orientated and with steep dips) drains efficiently allowing upward migration of the deep fluids and the energy toward the surface.Source: Geothermics 108 (2023). doi:10.1016/j.geothermics.2022.102616
DOI: 10.1016/j.geothermics.2022.102616
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2023
Journal article
Open Access
The application of SWAT model and remotely sensed products to characterize the dynamic of streamflow and snow in a mountainous watershed in the High Atlas
Taia S., Erraioui L., Arjdal Y., Chao J., El Mansouri B., Scozzari A.
Snowfall, snowpack, and snowmelt are among the processes with the greatest influence on the water cycle in mountainous watersheds. Hydrological models may be significantly biased if snow estimations are inaccurate. However, the unavailability of in situ snow data with enough spatiotemporal resolution limits the application of spatially distributed models in snow-fed watersheds. This obliges numerous modellers to reduce their attention to the snowpack and its effect on water distribution, particularly when a portion of the watershed is predominately covered by snow. This research demonstrates the added value of remotely sensed snow cover products from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) in evaluating the performance of hydrological models to estimate seasonal snow dynamics and discharge. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used in this work to simulate discharge and snow processes in the Oued El Abid snow-dominated watershed. The model was calibrated and validated on a daily basis, for a long period (1981-2015), using four discharge-gauging stations. A spatially varied approach (snow parameters are varied spatially) and a lumped approach (snow parameters are unique across the whole watershed) have been compared. Remote sensing data provided by MODIS enabled the evaluation of the snow processes simulated by the SWAT model. Results illustrate that SWAT model discharge simulations were satisfactory to good according to the statistical criteria. In addition, the model was able to reasonably estimate the snow-covered area when comparing it to the MODIS daily snow cover product. When allowing snow parameters to vary spatially, SWAT model results were more consistent with the observed streamflow and the MODIS snow-covered area (MODIS-SCA). This paper provides an example of how hydrological modelling using SWAT and snow coverage products by remote sensing may be used together to examine seasonal snow cover and snow dynamics in the High Atlas watershed.Source: Sensors (Basel) 23 (2023). doi:10.3390/s23031246
DOI: 10.3390/s23031246
Metrics:
Taia S., Erraioui L., Arjdal Y., Chao J., El Mansouri B., Scozzari A.
Snowfall, snowpack, and snowmelt are among the processes with the greatest influence on the water cycle in mountainous watersheds. Hydrological models may be significantly biased if snow estimations are inaccurate. However, the unavailability of in situ snow data with enough spatiotemporal resolution limits the application of spatially distributed models in snow-fed watersheds. This obliges numerous modellers to reduce their attention to the snowpack and its effect on water distribution, particularly when a portion of the watershed is predominately covered by snow. This research demonstrates the added value of remotely sensed snow cover products from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) in evaluating the performance of hydrological models to estimate seasonal snow dynamics and discharge. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used in this work to simulate discharge and snow processes in the Oued El Abid snow-dominated watershed. The model was calibrated and validated on a daily basis, for a long period (1981-2015), using four discharge-gauging stations. A spatially varied approach (snow parameters are varied spatially) and a lumped approach (snow parameters are unique across the whole watershed) have been compared. Remote sensing data provided by MODIS enabled the evaluation of the snow processes simulated by the SWAT model. Results illustrate that SWAT model discharge simulations were satisfactory to good according to the statistical criteria. In addition, the model was able to reasonably estimate the snow-covered area when comparing it to the MODIS daily snow cover product. When allowing snow parameters to vary spatially, SWAT model results were more consistent with the observed streamflow and the MODIS snow-covered area (MODIS-SCA). This paper provides an example of how hydrological modelling using SWAT and snow coverage products by remote sensing may be used together to examine seasonal snow cover and snow dynamics in the High Atlas watershed.Source: Sensors (Basel) 23 (2023). doi:10.3390/s23031246
DOI: 10.3390/s23031246
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2023
Contribution to conference
Open Access
Radar altimetry for the detection of ship traffic: an improved byproduct of satellite radar altimetry
Scozzari A., Grasso R.
The detection of vessels is considered an attractive byproduct of satellite radar altimetry, because it may complement the conventional tracking systems with the possibility to build long-term global statistics of ship traffic based on relatively small and manageable datasets of freely available data. Satellite radar altimetry was initially conceived and applied to the observation of ocean topography, being later extended to the coastal zone and to the observation of inland water. The potentiality of SAR altimetry for the detection of ships has already been demonstrated with Cryosat2, and today Sentinel-3 is the first operational mission offering global SAR coverage with a constellation of two satellites. Thanks to the enhanced azimuth (along-track) resolution available in the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) mode, the radar altimeter on board the Sentinel-3 satellite could be beneficial to other applications than ocean topography. In particular, this work studies the performance of algorithms for the automatic detection of ship targets from SAR mode data. In addition, the pre-processing of altimeter data by reliable detection algorithms, filtering out signal outliers from the sea surface response, largely contributes to enhance geophysical products that are typical in ocean topography studies (e.g. mean sea level). Thus, altimeter data of today could be regarded as an additional non-cooperative source for vessel traffic monitoring or to map global traffic patterns over long periods of time. This work proposes a processing chain based on mathematical morphology filtering and robust statistics to estimate the structured background and detect target signatures from radargrams. The detection stage is followed by an additional binary morphological filtering phase that is useful to estimate target characteristics, such as the height. The study shows that robust statistics outperform non-robust ones, in terms of target signal to background ratio and of rejection of false alarms. The study finally provides a first attempt to validate the analysis comparing detected target contacts with automatic identification system (AIS) data.Source: EGU General Assembly 2023, Vienna, Austria and Online, 23-28/04/2023
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu23-13618
Metrics:
Scozzari A., Grasso R.
The detection of vessels is considered an attractive byproduct of satellite radar altimetry, because it may complement the conventional tracking systems with the possibility to build long-term global statistics of ship traffic based on relatively small and manageable datasets of freely available data. Satellite radar altimetry was initially conceived and applied to the observation of ocean topography, being later extended to the coastal zone and to the observation of inland water. The potentiality of SAR altimetry for the detection of ships has already been demonstrated with Cryosat2, and today Sentinel-3 is the first operational mission offering global SAR coverage with a constellation of two satellites. Thanks to the enhanced azimuth (along-track) resolution available in the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) mode, the radar altimeter on board the Sentinel-3 satellite could be beneficial to other applications than ocean topography. In particular, this work studies the performance of algorithms for the automatic detection of ship targets from SAR mode data. In addition, the pre-processing of altimeter data by reliable detection algorithms, filtering out signal outliers from the sea surface response, largely contributes to enhance geophysical products that are typical in ocean topography studies (e.g. mean sea level). Thus, altimeter data of today could be regarded as an additional non-cooperative source for vessel traffic monitoring or to map global traffic patterns over long periods of time. This work proposes a processing chain based on mathematical morphology filtering and robust statistics to estimate the structured background and detect target signatures from radargrams. The detection stage is followed by an additional binary morphological filtering phase that is useful to estimate target characteristics, such as the height. The study shows that robust statistics outperform non-robust ones, in terms of target signal to background ratio and of rejection of false alarms. The study finally provides a first attempt to validate the analysis comparing detected target contacts with automatic identification system (AIS) data.Source: EGU General Assembly 2023, Vienna, Austria and Online, 23-28/04/2023
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu23-13618
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2023
Contribution to conference
Open Access
Applicability of remote sensing evapotranspiration products in reducing uncertainty and equifinality in hydrological model calibration of Oued El Abid watershed
Taia S., Erraioui L., Chao J., El Mansouri B., Scozzari A.
Typically, hydrological models are calibrated using observed streamflow at the outlet of the watershed. This approach may fail to mimic landscape characteristics, which significantly impact runoff generation because the streamflow incorporates contributions from several hydrological components. However, remotely sensed evapotranspiration (AET) products are commonly used as additional data with streamflow to better constrain model parameters. Several researchers demonstrated the efficacy of AET products in reducing the degree of equifinality and predictive uncertainty, resulting in a significant enhancement in hydrological modelling. Due to the variety of publicly available AET datasets, which vary in their methods, parameterization, and spatiotemporal resolution, selecting an appropriate AET for hydrological modelling is of great importance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the difference in simulated hydrologic responses resulting from the inclusion of different remotely sensed AET products in a single and multi-objective calibration with observed streamflow data. The GLEAM_3.6a, GLEAM_3.6b, MOD16A2, GLDAS, PML_V2, TerraClimate, FLDAS, and SSEBop datasets were downloaded and incorporated into the calibration of the SWAT hydrological model. The findings indicate that the incorporation of remotely sensed AET data in multi-objective calibration tends to improve model performance and decrease predictive uncertainty, as well as significantly improves parameter identification. Furthermore, AET single-variable calibration results show that the model would have performed well in simulating streamflow even without streamflow data. Moreover, each dataset included in this investigation responded differently. GLEAM_3.6b and GLEAM_3.6a performed the best, followed by FLDAS and PML_V2, while MOD16A2 was the least performing dataset. Thus, this research supports the use of remotely sensed AET in the calibration of hydrological models as a best practice.Source: EGU General Assembly 2023, Vienna, Austria and Online, 23-28/04/2023
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu23-9701
Metrics:
Taia S., Erraioui L., Chao J., El Mansouri B., Scozzari A.
Typically, hydrological models are calibrated using observed streamflow at the outlet of the watershed. This approach may fail to mimic landscape characteristics, which significantly impact runoff generation because the streamflow incorporates contributions from several hydrological components. However, remotely sensed evapotranspiration (AET) products are commonly used as additional data with streamflow to better constrain model parameters. Several researchers demonstrated the efficacy of AET products in reducing the degree of equifinality and predictive uncertainty, resulting in a significant enhancement in hydrological modelling. Due to the variety of publicly available AET datasets, which vary in their methods, parameterization, and spatiotemporal resolution, selecting an appropriate AET for hydrological modelling is of great importance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the difference in simulated hydrologic responses resulting from the inclusion of different remotely sensed AET products in a single and multi-objective calibration with observed streamflow data. The GLEAM_3.6a, GLEAM_3.6b, MOD16A2, GLDAS, PML_V2, TerraClimate, FLDAS, and SSEBop datasets were downloaded and incorporated into the calibration of the SWAT hydrological model. The findings indicate that the incorporation of remotely sensed AET data in multi-objective calibration tends to improve model performance and decrease predictive uncertainty, as well as significantly improves parameter identification. Furthermore, AET single-variable calibration results show that the model would have performed well in simulating streamflow even without streamflow data. Moreover, each dataset included in this investigation responded differently. GLEAM_3.6b and GLEAM_3.6a performed the best, followed by FLDAS and PML_V2, while MOD16A2 was the least performing dataset. Thus, this research supports the use of remotely sensed AET in the calibration of hydrological models as a best practice.Source: EGU General Assembly 2023, Vienna, Austria and Online, 23-28/04/2023
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu23-9701
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2023
Journal article
Open Access
Managing coastal aquifer salinity under sea level rise using rice cultivation recharge for sustainable land cover
Abd-Elaty I., Sallam G. A. H., Pugliese L., Negm A. M., Straface S., Scozzari A., Ahmed A.
Study region: The coastal aquifer of Nile Delta, Egypt is used to develop the current study. Study focus: Excess water from rice irrigation is a source of incidental recharge to mitigate seawater intrusion. This paper numerically explores the optimal location of rice cultivations by subdividing the delta domain into three distinct recharging regions (north, central and south). Additionally, SEAWAT code was simulated under a combination of rice cultivation relocation and sea level rise (SLR). New hydrological insights for the region: The study findings revealed significant variations in salt volume reduction depending on the location of rice cultivation in the delta. Placing rice cultivation in the northern region resulted in the highest reduction of salt volume (19 %). In contrast, locating the recharge in the central region yielded a salt volume reduction of 0.50 %, while rice cultivation in the southern region produced a 15 % increase. Considering the projected SLR of 61 cm by 2100, there was an overall salt volume increment of 3 %. However, when accounting for both SLR and rice cultivation recharge in the northern region, a substantial salt volume reduction of 17 % was observed. The results demonstrated that incidental recharge by rice cultivation in coastal aquifers is an effective method for enhancing saltwater intrusion control. Moreover, this study improves our understanding of hydrological processes and expected responses in the delta under future climate scenarios.Source: Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies 48 (2023). doi:10.1016/j.ejrh.2023.101466
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrh.2023.101466
Metrics:
Abd-Elaty I., Sallam G. A. H., Pugliese L., Negm A. M., Straface S., Scozzari A., Ahmed A.
Study region: The coastal aquifer of Nile Delta, Egypt is used to develop the current study. Study focus: Excess water from rice irrigation is a source of incidental recharge to mitigate seawater intrusion. This paper numerically explores the optimal location of rice cultivations by subdividing the delta domain into three distinct recharging regions (north, central and south). Additionally, SEAWAT code was simulated under a combination of rice cultivation relocation and sea level rise (SLR). New hydrological insights for the region: The study findings revealed significant variations in salt volume reduction depending on the location of rice cultivation in the delta. Placing rice cultivation in the northern region resulted in the highest reduction of salt volume (19 %). In contrast, locating the recharge in the central region yielded a salt volume reduction of 0.50 %, while rice cultivation in the southern region produced a 15 % increase. Considering the projected SLR of 61 cm by 2100, there was an overall salt volume increment of 3 %. However, when accounting for both SLR and rice cultivation recharge in the northern region, a substantial salt volume reduction of 17 % was observed. The results demonstrated that incidental recharge by rice cultivation in coastal aquifers is an effective method for enhancing saltwater intrusion control. Moreover, this study improves our understanding of hydrological processes and expected responses in the delta under future climate scenarios.Source: Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies 48 (2023). doi:10.1016/j.ejrh.2023.101466
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrh.2023.101466
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2023
Journal article
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Granieri D., Lelli M., Mazzarini F., Cerminara M., Calusi B., Scozzari A., Menichini M.
Abstract not availableSource: Geothermics 113 (2023). doi:10.1016/j.geothermics.2023.102754
DOI: 10.1016/j.geothermics.2023.102754
Metrics:
Granieri D., Lelli M., Mazzarini F., Cerminara M., Calusi B., Scozzari A., Menichini M.
Abstract not availableSource: Geothermics 113 (2023). doi:10.1016/j.geothermics.2023.102754
DOI: 10.1016/j.geothermics.2023.102754
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2023
Journal article
Open Access
Comparing the ability of different remotely sensed evapotranspiration products in enhancing hydrological model performance and reducing prediction uncertainty
Taia S., Scozzari A., Erraioui L., Kili M., Mridekh A., Haida S., Chao J., El Mansouri B.
The mitigation of uncertainties in the identification of natural systems is a fundamental aspect in the development of hydrological models, and represents a major challenge for the improvement of modelling techniques. In particular, the calibration of hydrological models based on streamflow measurements at the outlet of a catchment is exposed to significant sources of uncertainty, such as the impact of landscape features on runoff generation. Remote sensing-based actual evapotranspiration (AET) data can be incorporated with streamflow to improve model accuracy and reduce the uncertainty in hydrological modelling, resulting in a significant enhancement of the model performance. The selection of the right AET dataset for hydrological modelling is a crucial task, in front of the availability of multi-source datasets that differ in methods, parameters, and spatiotemporal resolution. Despite the existence of a few studies proposing the usage of remote sensing-based AET data, there is a lack of systematic comparisons between different products, in terms of performance for hydrological modelling. This paper aims to compare the efficacy of different remote sensing-based AET products in improving the simulation of hydrological responses, both in single and in multi-variable scenarios. In this investigation, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrological model was calibrated with observed streamflow data by experimenting with eight different AET datasets. The findings of our study suggest that the incorporation of remote sensing-based AET data in the calibration process of a hydrological model can significantly enhance the accuracy and reliability of model predictions. Thus, the proposed approach can contribute to improving the effectiveness of hydrological modelling as a quantitative tool for the management of water resources. Another finding of this study is that the calibration of the model based solely on AET yields reasonable simulation results of the streamflow, which is an advantageous and promising feature for ungauged basins.Source: Ecological informatics (Print) 78 (2023). doi:10.1016/j.ecoinf.2023.102352
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2023.102352
Metrics:
Taia S., Scozzari A., Erraioui L., Kili M., Mridekh A., Haida S., Chao J., El Mansouri B.
The mitigation of uncertainties in the identification of natural systems is a fundamental aspect in the development of hydrological models, and represents a major challenge for the improvement of modelling techniques. In particular, the calibration of hydrological models based on streamflow measurements at the outlet of a catchment is exposed to significant sources of uncertainty, such as the impact of landscape features on runoff generation. Remote sensing-based actual evapotranspiration (AET) data can be incorporated with streamflow to improve model accuracy and reduce the uncertainty in hydrological modelling, resulting in a significant enhancement of the model performance. The selection of the right AET dataset for hydrological modelling is a crucial task, in front of the availability of multi-source datasets that differ in methods, parameters, and spatiotemporal resolution. Despite the existence of a few studies proposing the usage of remote sensing-based AET data, there is a lack of systematic comparisons between different products, in terms of performance for hydrological modelling. This paper aims to compare the efficacy of different remote sensing-based AET products in improving the simulation of hydrological responses, both in single and in multi-variable scenarios. In this investigation, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrological model was calibrated with observed streamflow data by experimenting with eight different AET datasets. The findings of our study suggest that the incorporation of remote sensing-based AET data in the calibration process of a hydrological model can significantly enhance the accuracy and reliability of model predictions. Thus, the proposed approach can contribute to improving the effectiveness of hydrological modelling as a quantitative tool for the management of water resources. Another finding of this study is that the calibration of the model based solely on AET yields reasonable simulation results of the streamflow, which is an advantageous and promising feature for ungauged basins.Source: Ecological informatics (Print) 78 (2023). doi:10.1016/j.ecoinf.2023.102352
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2023.102352
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2022
Journal article
Open Access
Groundwater modeling with process-based and data-driven approaches in the context of climate change
Menichini M., Franceschi L., Raco B., Masetti G., Scozzari A., Doveri M.
In the context of climate change, the correct management of groundwater, which is strategic for meeting water needs, becomes essential. Groundwater modeling is particularly crucial for the sustainable and efficient management of groundwater. This manuscript provides different types of modeling according to data availability and features of three porous aquifer systems in Italy (Empoli, Magra, and Brenta systems). The models calibrated on robust time series enabled the performing of forecast simulations capable of representing the quantitative and qualitative response to expected climate regimes. For the Empoli aquifer, the process-based models highlighted the system's ability to mitigate the effects of dry climate conditions thanks to its storage capability. The data-driven models concerning the Brenta foothill aquifer pointed out the high sensitivity of the system to climate extremes, thus suggesting the need for specific water management actions. The integrated datadriven/process-based approach developed for the Magra Valley aquifer remarked that the water quantity and quality effects are tied to certain boundary conditions over dry climate periods. This work shows that, for groundwater modeling, the choice of the suitable approach is mandatory, and it mainly depends on the specific aquifer features that result in different ways to be sensitive to climate. This manuscript also provides a novel outcome involving the integrated approach wherein it is a very efficient tool for forecasting modeling when boundary conditions, which significantly affect the behavior of such systems, are subjected to evolve under expected climate scenarios.Source: Water (Basel) 14 (2022). doi:10.3390/w14233956
DOI: 10.3390/w14233956
Metrics:
Menichini M., Franceschi L., Raco B., Masetti G., Scozzari A., Doveri M.
In the context of climate change, the correct management of groundwater, which is strategic for meeting water needs, becomes essential. Groundwater modeling is particularly crucial for the sustainable and efficient management of groundwater. This manuscript provides different types of modeling according to data availability and features of three porous aquifer systems in Italy (Empoli, Magra, and Brenta systems). The models calibrated on robust time series enabled the performing of forecast simulations capable of representing the quantitative and qualitative response to expected climate regimes. For the Empoli aquifer, the process-based models highlighted the system's ability to mitigate the effects of dry climate conditions thanks to its storage capability. The data-driven models concerning the Brenta foothill aquifer pointed out the high sensitivity of the system to climate extremes, thus suggesting the need for specific water management actions. The integrated datadriven/process-based approach developed for the Magra Valley aquifer remarked that the water quantity and quality effects are tied to certain boundary conditions over dry climate periods. This work shows that, for groundwater modeling, the choice of the suitable approach is mandatory, and it mainly depends on the specific aquifer features that result in different ways to be sensitive to climate. This manuscript also provides a novel outcome involving the integrated approach wherein it is a very efficient tool for forecasting modeling when boundary conditions, which significantly affect the behavior of such systems, are subjected to evolve under expected climate scenarios.Source: Water (Basel) 14 (2022). doi:10.3390/w14233956
DOI: 10.3390/w14233956
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2022
Journal article
Open Access
Bathymetric and capacity relationships based on Sentinel-3 mission data for Aswan High Dam Lake, Egypt
Hossen H., Khairy M., Ghaly S., Scozzari A., Negm A., Elsahabi M.
Aswan High Dam Lake (AHDL) is one of the most relevant hot spots at both local and global levels after construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) was announced. The management of AHDL is a vital task, which requires the input of reliable information such as the lake bathymetry, water level, and the water surface area. Traditional, bathymetric methods are still very expensive and difficult to operate. Nowadays, satellite data and remote sensing techniques are easily accessible. In particular, datasets produced by operational missions are freely and globally available, and may provide efficient and inexpensive solutions for the retrieval of quantitative parameters concerning strategic water bodies, such as AHDL. This work identifies the performance of Sentinel-3A optical imagery data in the visible and NIR bands from the two optical instruments SLSTR and OLCI, and proposes the integration with Sentinel-3A radar altimetry from SRAL instrument applied to AHDL. This preliminary and first study investigated the relationship between the reflectance data and in situ data for water depth after a bathymetric campaign in the deep-water region using statistical regression models. These statistical models showed promising results in terms of correlation value (R > 0.8) and normalized root mean square errors (NRMSE < 0.4). Also, Heron's formula was applied to combine optical imagery and Sentinel-3 altimetry water level datasets to estimate water storage variations in AHDL. In addition, equations governing the relationship between water level, water surface area, and water volume were analyzed. The work is very useful for all authorities and stakeholders dealing with large water bodies.Source: Water (Basel) 14 (2022). doi:10.3390/w14050711
DOI: 10.3390/w14050711
Metrics:
Hossen H., Khairy M., Ghaly S., Scozzari A., Negm A., Elsahabi M.
Aswan High Dam Lake (AHDL) is one of the most relevant hot spots at both local and global levels after construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) was announced. The management of AHDL is a vital task, which requires the input of reliable information such as the lake bathymetry, water level, and the water surface area. Traditional, bathymetric methods are still very expensive and difficult to operate. Nowadays, satellite data and remote sensing techniques are easily accessible. In particular, datasets produced by operational missions are freely and globally available, and may provide efficient and inexpensive solutions for the retrieval of quantitative parameters concerning strategic water bodies, such as AHDL. This work identifies the performance of Sentinel-3A optical imagery data in the visible and NIR bands from the two optical instruments SLSTR and OLCI, and proposes the integration with Sentinel-3A radar altimetry from SRAL instrument applied to AHDL. This preliminary and first study investigated the relationship between the reflectance data and in situ data for water depth after a bathymetric campaign in the deep-water region using statistical regression models. These statistical models showed promising results in terms of correlation value (R > 0.8) and normalized root mean square errors (NRMSE < 0.4). Also, Heron's formula was applied to combine optical imagery and Sentinel-3 altimetry water level datasets to estimate water storage variations in AHDL. In addition, equations governing the relationship between water level, water surface area, and water volume were analyzed. The work is very useful for all authorities and stakeholders dealing with large water bodies.Source: Water (Basel) 14 (2022). doi:10.3390/w14050711
DOI: 10.3390/w14050711
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2022
Contribution to conference
Open Access
Seepage loss from unlined, lined, and cracked-lined canals: a case study of Ismailia canal reach from 28.00-49.00 Km, Egypt
Elkamhawy E., Zelenakova M., Straface S., Vranayová Z., Negm A. M., Scozzari A., Abd-Elaty I.
Water resources face global and local challenges. In Egypt, for example, the negative impacts of climatic changes and the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), cause a shortage of water resources. Shortage of water resources is considered an urgent issue particularly in semiarid regions (like many MENA countries) and arid ones (like Egypt). Therefore, the Egyptian Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation has launched the national project of canals rehabilitation and lining for effective water resource management and decreasing seepage losses. This study dealt with three different lining techniques, as well cracked-liner for the Ismailia canal, which is considered the largest end of the Nile in Egypt. A steady-state 2-D seep/w model was established for the Ismailia canal section, at the stretch from 28 to 49 km. The results showed that the amount of seepage was considerably depending on the hydraulic characteristics of the lining material. Pumping from aquifers through wells also has a significant influence on the seepage rate from the unlined canal. Nevertheless, a negligible effect was present in the lined canal case. The highest efficiency was obtained with the concrete liner, after that the geomembrane liner, and then the bentonite liner; with nearly 99%, 96%, and 54%, respectively, in the case of no pumping from aquifer via wells. The efficiency decreased by 4% for the bentonite and geomembrane liners during pumping from the aquifer, but the concrete liner efficiency did not change significantly. However, in the case of deterioration of the lining material through cracks, the efficiency strictly decreased to 25%, irrespective of the utilized lining technique. The dual effect of both cracked-liner material and extraction from the aquifer via pumping wells revealed an efficiency of 16%, regardless of the utilized liner type.Source: EGU General Assembly 2022, Vienna, Austria (Online), 23-27/5/2022
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu22-13134
Metrics:
Elkamhawy E., Zelenakova M., Straface S., Vranayová Z., Negm A. M., Scozzari A., Abd-Elaty I.
Water resources face global and local challenges. In Egypt, for example, the negative impacts of climatic changes and the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), cause a shortage of water resources. Shortage of water resources is considered an urgent issue particularly in semiarid regions (like many MENA countries) and arid ones (like Egypt). Therefore, the Egyptian Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation has launched the national project of canals rehabilitation and lining for effective water resource management and decreasing seepage losses. This study dealt with three different lining techniques, as well cracked-liner for the Ismailia canal, which is considered the largest end of the Nile in Egypt. A steady-state 2-D seep/w model was established for the Ismailia canal section, at the stretch from 28 to 49 km. The results showed that the amount of seepage was considerably depending on the hydraulic characteristics of the lining material. Pumping from aquifers through wells also has a significant influence on the seepage rate from the unlined canal. Nevertheless, a negligible effect was present in the lined canal case. The highest efficiency was obtained with the concrete liner, after that the geomembrane liner, and then the bentonite liner; with nearly 99%, 96%, and 54%, respectively, in the case of no pumping from aquifer via wells. The efficiency decreased by 4% for the bentonite and geomembrane liners during pumping from the aquifer, but the concrete liner efficiency did not change significantly. However, in the case of deterioration of the lining material through cracks, the efficiency strictly decreased to 25%, irrespective of the utilized lining technique. The dual effect of both cracked-liner material and extraction from the aquifer via pumping wells revealed an efficiency of 16%, regardless of the utilized liner type.Source: EGU General Assembly 2022, Vienna, Austria (Online), 23-27/5/2022
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu22-13134
Metrics:
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ISTI Repository | doi.org | CNR ExploRA
2022
Contribution to conference
Open Access
Integration of multiple geoscientific investigation methods for a better understanding of a water system: the example of Chimborazo glaciers melting effects on the Chambo aquifer, Ecuador
Scozzari A., Catelan P., Chidichimo F., De Biase M., Mendoza B. G., Trujillo P. A., Carrettero P., Straface S.
The identification of the processes underlining natural systems often requires the adoption of multiple investigation techniques for the assessment of the sites under study. In this work, the combination of information derived from non-invasive sensing techniques, such as geophysics, remote sensing and hydrogeochemistry, highlights the possible influence of global climate change on the future water availability related to an aquifer in a peculiar glacier context, located in central Ecuador. In particular, we show that the Chambo aquifer, which supplies potable water to the region, does not contain fossil water, and it's instead recharged over time. Indeed, the whole Chambo river basin is affected by the Chimborazo volcano, which is a glacerised mountain located in the inner tropics, one of the most critical places to be observed in the frame of climate impact on water resources. Thanks to the infomation gathered by the various surveying techniques, numerical modelling permitted an estimate of the recharge, which can be fully originated by the runoff from Chimborazo melting glaciers. Actually, the retreat of the glaciers on top of the Chimborazo is an ongoing process presumably related to global climate change.Source: EGU General Assembly 2022, Vienna, Austria (Online), 23-27/5/2022
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu22-13153
Metrics:
Scozzari A., Catelan P., Chidichimo F., De Biase M., Mendoza B. G., Trujillo P. A., Carrettero P., Straface S.
The identification of the processes underlining natural systems often requires the adoption of multiple investigation techniques for the assessment of the sites under study. In this work, the combination of information derived from non-invasive sensing techniques, such as geophysics, remote sensing and hydrogeochemistry, highlights the possible influence of global climate change on the future water availability related to an aquifer in a peculiar glacier context, located in central Ecuador. In particular, we show that the Chambo aquifer, which supplies potable water to the region, does not contain fossil water, and it's instead recharged over time. Indeed, the whole Chambo river basin is affected by the Chimborazo volcano, which is a glacerised mountain located in the inner tropics, one of the most critical places to be observed in the frame of climate impact on water resources. Thanks to the infomation gathered by the various surveying techniques, numerical modelling permitted an estimate of the recharge, which can be fully originated by the runoff from Chimborazo melting glaciers. Actually, the retreat of the glaciers on top of the Chimborazo is an ongoing process presumably related to global climate change.Source: EGU General Assembly 2022, Vienna, Austria (Online), 23-27/5/2022
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu22-13153
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ISTI Repository | doi.org | CNR ExploRA
2022
Contribution to conference
Open Access
Using SWAT model to evaluate the plausible changes in a karst snow-fed watershed in the Moroccan High Atlas
Taia S., Erraioui L., Chao J., Scozzari A., El Mansouri B.
High Atlas is considered as one of the major reservoirs of freshwater for crop yield and hydropower production in the plains of central Morocco. Nevertheless, snowmelt and discharge in this region have been reported very vulnerable to climate variability, which threaten the sustainability and development of socio-economic activities in this region. Thus, there's a strong need to understand the spatio-temporal variability of water cycle in addition to the impact of the changing climate on the main hydrological components. This work focuses on the application of SWAT model in the mountainous watershed of Oued Al Abid river, which is potentially threatened by climate and anthropogenic forcings. The study is based on two main axes: (i) the implementation of SWAT to model the snowmelt discharge processes over this watershed taking into consideration the karst structure of this area, (ii) the projection of climate change has been also analyzed by forcing SWAT model using three simulations of Regional Climate Model RCA4. Results showed that SWAT model performed satisfactory to very good in reproducing discharge and reservoir inflow. According to the results, the hydrological components showed a significant variability, particularly in snowmelt, infiltration and surface runoff. Furthermore, negative variation and peak shift in the projected inflows to the dam have been demonstrated by this study.Source: EGU General Assembly 2022, Vienna, Austria (Online), 23-27/5/2022
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu22-13351
Metrics:
Taia S., Erraioui L., Chao J., Scozzari A., El Mansouri B.
High Atlas is considered as one of the major reservoirs of freshwater for crop yield and hydropower production in the plains of central Morocco. Nevertheless, snowmelt and discharge in this region have been reported very vulnerable to climate variability, which threaten the sustainability and development of socio-economic activities in this region. Thus, there's a strong need to understand the spatio-temporal variability of water cycle in addition to the impact of the changing climate on the main hydrological components. This work focuses on the application of SWAT model in the mountainous watershed of Oued Al Abid river, which is potentially threatened by climate and anthropogenic forcings. The study is based on two main axes: (i) the implementation of SWAT to model the snowmelt discharge processes over this watershed taking into consideration the karst structure of this area, (ii) the projection of climate change has been also analyzed by forcing SWAT model using three simulations of Regional Climate Model RCA4. Results showed that SWAT model performed satisfactory to very good in reproducing discharge and reservoir inflow. According to the results, the hydrological components showed a significant variability, particularly in snowmelt, infiltration and surface runoff. Furthermore, negative variation and peak shift in the projected inflows to the dam have been demonstrated by this study.Source: EGU General Assembly 2022, Vienna, Austria (Online), 23-27/5/2022
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu22-13351
Metrics:
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ISTI Repository | doi.org | CNR ExploRA
2022
Contribution to book
Open Access
Instrumentation and measurement technologies for water cycle management
Di Mauro A., Scozzari A., Soldovieri F.
This book aims at presenting a unified framework for the description of working principles, recent advances and applications of cutting-edge measurement technologies for the water sector. Instrumentation and measurement technologies are currently playing a key role in the monitoring, assessment and protection of environmental resources. Measurement techniques and sensing methods for the observation of water systems are rapidly evolving and are requiring an increased multi-disciplinary participation. The whole water sector is characterised by multiple technological contexts concerning the monitoring of the resource, given the broad coverage that includes water from its natural domains to the men-made infrastructures. In particular, instrumentation and measurement technologies have a pervasive presence in all the necessary aspects for the assessment, monitoring and control of the water resource and of its relationship with the various environmental stressors, including the anthropic pressures. Therefore, the book aims at presenting how the diagnostics/monitoring methodologies and the related technologies can give an answer to the issues raised by the complex scenario characterising the water cycle management (WCM). The book is structured in five topical sections, grouped by similarity of their technological and/or applicative contexts.Source: Basel: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-08262-7
Metrics:
Di Mauro A., Scozzari A., Soldovieri F.
This book aims at presenting a unified framework for the description of working principles, recent advances and applications of cutting-edge measurement technologies for the water sector. Instrumentation and measurement technologies are currently playing a key role in the monitoring, assessment and protection of environmental resources. Measurement techniques and sensing methods for the observation of water systems are rapidly evolving and are requiring an increased multi-disciplinary participation. The whole water sector is characterised by multiple technological contexts concerning the monitoring of the resource, given the broad coverage that includes water from its natural domains to the men-made infrastructures. In particular, instrumentation and measurement technologies have a pervasive presence in all the necessary aspects for the assessment, monitoring and control of the water resource and of its relationship with the various environmental stressors, including the anthropic pressures. Therefore, the book aims at presenting how the diagnostics/monitoring methodologies and the related technologies can give an answer to the issues raised by the complex scenario characterising the water cycle management (WCM). The book is structured in five topical sections, grouped by similarity of their technological and/or applicative contexts.Source: Basel: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-08262-7
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link.springer.com | ISTI Repository | CNR ExploRA
2022
Contribution to conference
Open Access
Estimation of volume-depth relationships using Sentinel -3 mission data for Inland Lakes: case study, Nasser Lake, Egypt
Negm A., Khairy M., Hossen H., Elsahabi M., Scozzari A.
Nasser Lake is an artificial lake in Egypt. It was formed due to the construction of Aswan High Dam (AHD) in the South of Egypt in YEAR. It became a hot spot at both local and global levels since the commencement of Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) construction in the Year. The regular Lake surveying mission was stopped since 2012 after the January revolution in Egypt in 2011. This leads us to think in a cost-effective monitoring method to have the volume-depth relationship of Nasser Lake thanks to EU sentinel mission. This work explores and assesses the performance of Sentinel-3A optical imagery data in the visible and NIR bands from the two optical instruments SLSTR and OLCI, and proposes the integration with Sentinel-3A radar altimetry from SRAL instrument applied to Nasser Lake. This preliminary study investigates the relationship between the reflectance data and in-situ data for water depth after a bathymetric campaign in the relatively deep water region in the south of the lake using statistical regression models. The developed models provide promising estimations with correlation value (R² > 0.8) and NRMSE <0.3.. Also, Heron's formula was applied to combine optical imagery and Sentinel-3 altimetry water level data sets to estimate water storage variations in Nasser Lake. In addition, equations governing the relationship between water level and water surface area and water volume were developed. The obtained results are useful for Nasser Lake authorities and stakeholders dealing with Nasser Lake and all similar inland water bodies.Source: 44th COSPAR Scientific Assembly, Atene (Grecia), 16-24/07/2022
Negm A., Khairy M., Hossen H., Elsahabi M., Scozzari A.
Nasser Lake is an artificial lake in Egypt. It was formed due to the construction of Aswan High Dam (AHD) in the South of Egypt in YEAR. It became a hot spot at both local and global levels since the commencement of Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) construction in the Year. The regular Lake surveying mission was stopped since 2012 after the January revolution in Egypt in 2011. This leads us to think in a cost-effective monitoring method to have the volume-depth relationship of Nasser Lake thanks to EU sentinel mission. This work explores and assesses the performance of Sentinel-3A optical imagery data in the visible and NIR bands from the two optical instruments SLSTR and OLCI, and proposes the integration with Sentinel-3A radar altimetry from SRAL instrument applied to Nasser Lake. This preliminary study investigates the relationship between the reflectance data and in-situ data for water depth after a bathymetric campaign in the relatively deep water region in the south of the lake using statistical regression models. The developed models provide promising estimations with correlation value (R² > 0.8) and NRMSE <0.3.. Also, Heron's formula was applied to combine optical imagery and Sentinel-3 altimetry water level data sets to estimate water storage variations in Nasser Lake. In addition, equations governing the relationship between water level and water surface area and water volume were developed. The obtained results are useful for Nasser Lake authorities and stakeholders dealing with Nasser Lake and all similar inland water bodies.Source: 44th COSPAR Scientific Assembly, Atene (Grecia), 16-24/07/2022
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app.cospar-assembly.org | ISTI Repository | CNR ExploRA
2022
Report
Open Access
SI-Lab annual research report 2021
Righi M., Leone G. R., Carboni A., Caudai C., Colantonio S., Kuruoglu E. E., Leporini B., Magrini M., Paradisi P., Pascali M. A., Pieri G., Reggiannini M., Salerno E., Scozzari A., Tonazzini A., Fusco G., Galesi G., Martinelli M., Pardini F., Tampucci M., Berti A., Bruno A., Buongiorno R., Carloni G., Conti F., Germanese D., Ignesti G., Matarese F., Omrani A., Pachetti E., Papini O., Benassi A., Bertini G., Coltelli P., Tarabella L., Straface S., Salvetti O., Moroni D.
The Signal & Images Laboratory is an interdisciplinary research group in computer vision, signal analysis, intelligent vision systems and multimedia data understanding. It is part of the Institute of Information Science and Technologies (ISTI) of the National Research Council of Italy (CNR). This report accounts for the research activities of the Signal and Images Laboratory of the Institute of Information Science and Technologies during the year 2021.Source: ISTI Annual reports, 2022
DOI: 10.32079/isti-ar-2022/003
Metrics:
Righi M., Leone G. R., Carboni A., Caudai C., Colantonio S., Kuruoglu E. E., Leporini B., Magrini M., Paradisi P., Pascali M. A., Pieri G., Reggiannini M., Salerno E., Scozzari A., Tonazzini A., Fusco G., Galesi G., Martinelli M., Pardini F., Tampucci M., Berti A., Bruno A., Buongiorno R., Carloni G., Conti F., Germanese D., Ignesti G., Matarese F., Omrani A., Pachetti E., Papini O., Benassi A., Bertini G., Coltelli P., Tarabella L., Straface S., Salvetti O., Moroni D.
The Signal & Images Laboratory is an interdisciplinary research group in computer vision, signal analysis, intelligent vision systems and multimedia data understanding. It is part of the Institute of Information Science and Technologies (ISTI) of the National Research Council of Italy (CNR). This report accounts for the research activities of the Signal and Images Laboratory of the Institute of Information Science and Technologies during the year 2021.Source: ISTI Annual reports, 2022
DOI: 10.32079/isti-ar-2022/003
Metrics:
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ISTI Repository | CNR ExploRA
2021
Report
Open Access
SI-Lab Annual Research Report 2020
Leone G. R., Righi M., Carboni A., Caudai C., Colantonio S., Kuruoglu E. E., Leporini B., Magrini M., Paradisi P., Pascali M. A., Pieri G., Reggiannini M., Salerno E., Scozzari A., Tonazzini A., Fusco G., Galesi G., Martinelli M., Pardini F., Tampucci M., Buongiorno R., Bruno A., Germanese D., Matarese F., Coscetti S., Coltelli P., Jalil B., Benassi A., Bertini G., Salvetti O., Moroni D.
The Signal & Images Laboratory (http://si.isti.cnr.it/) is an interdisciplinary research group in computer vision, signal analysis, smart vision systems and multimedia data understanding. It is part of the Institute for Information Science and Technologies of the National Research Council of Italy. This report accounts for the research activities of the Signal and Images Laboratory of the Institute of Information Science and Technologies during the year 2020.Source: ISTI Annual Report, ISTI-2021-AR/001, pp.1–38, 2021
DOI: 10.32079/isti-ar-2021/001
Metrics:
Leone G. R., Righi M., Carboni A., Caudai C., Colantonio S., Kuruoglu E. E., Leporini B., Magrini M., Paradisi P., Pascali M. A., Pieri G., Reggiannini M., Salerno E., Scozzari A., Tonazzini A., Fusco G., Galesi G., Martinelli M., Pardini F., Tampucci M., Buongiorno R., Bruno A., Germanese D., Matarese F., Coscetti S., Coltelli P., Jalil B., Benassi A., Bertini G., Salvetti O., Moroni D.
The Signal & Images Laboratory (http://si.isti.cnr.it/) is an interdisciplinary research group in computer vision, signal analysis, smart vision systems and multimedia data understanding. It is part of the Institute for Information Science and Technologies of the National Research Council of Italy. This report accounts for the research activities of the Signal and Images Laboratory of the Institute of Information Science and Technologies during the year 2020.Source: ISTI Annual Report, ISTI-2021-AR/001, pp.1–38, 2021
DOI: 10.32079/isti-ar-2021/001
Metrics:
See at:
ISTI Repository | CNR ExploRA
2021
Contribution to conference
Open Access
Feasibility of using Sentinel-3 in estimating Lake Nasser water depths
Khairy M., Hossen H., Elsahabi M., Ghaly S., Scozzari A., Negm A.
After the construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), Nasser Lake (NL)became one of the most challenging hot spots at both local and global level. It is one of the biggest manmade reservoirs in the world and the most important in Egypt. It is created in the southern part of the Nile River in Upper Egypt after the construction of Aswan High Dam (AHD). The water level in NL might fluctuate between 160 to 182 m above the mean sea level. Monitoring NL water depth is an expensive and time-consuming activity. This work investigates the possibility to use information from the Sentinel missions to estimate the depth of NL as an inland water body, in the frame of estimating storage variations from satellite measurements. In this preliminary study, we investigated the relationship between the radiance /reflectance of optical imagery from two instruments SLSTR and OLCI instruments hosted by the Sentinel-3A platform and in situ water depth data using the Lyzenga equation. The results indictaed that there was a reasonable correlation between Sentinel-3 optical data and in situ water depth data. Also, Heron's formula was used to estimate water storage variations of NL with limited in situ data. In addition, equations governing the relationship between water level and both surface area and water volume were worked out. This study is in the framework of a bilateral project between ASRT of Egypt and CNR of Italy, which is still running.Source: EGU General Assembly 2021, Online Conference, 19-30/04/2021
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu21-11958
Metrics:
Khairy M., Hossen H., Elsahabi M., Ghaly S., Scozzari A., Negm A.
After the construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), Nasser Lake (NL)became one of the most challenging hot spots at both local and global level. It is one of the biggest manmade reservoirs in the world and the most important in Egypt. It is created in the southern part of the Nile River in Upper Egypt after the construction of Aswan High Dam (AHD). The water level in NL might fluctuate between 160 to 182 m above the mean sea level. Monitoring NL water depth is an expensive and time-consuming activity. This work investigates the possibility to use information from the Sentinel missions to estimate the depth of NL as an inland water body, in the frame of estimating storage variations from satellite measurements. In this preliminary study, we investigated the relationship between the radiance /reflectance of optical imagery from two instruments SLSTR and OLCI instruments hosted by the Sentinel-3A platform and in situ water depth data using the Lyzenga equation. The results indictaed that there was a reasonable correlation between Sentinel-3 optical data and in situ water depth data. Also, Heron's formula was used to estimate water storage variations of NL with limited in situ data. In addition, equations governing the relationship between water level and both surface area and water volume were worked out. This study is in the framework of a bilateral project between ASRT of Egypt and CNR of Italy, which is still running.Source: EGU General Assembly 2021, Online Conference, 19-30/04/2021
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu21-11958
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meetingorganizer.copernicus.org | ISTI Repository | CNR ExploRA
2021
Contribution to conference
Open Access
Estimation of sediment capacity of Aswan High Dam Lake utilizing remotely sensed bathymetric data: case study Active Sedimentation portion of Nubia
Negm A., Hossen H., Elsahabi M., Makboul O., Scozzari A.
This study deals with the quantitative estimation of the accumulated sediment capacity within the period from the initiation of the storage process of Lake Nubia in 1964 until 2012, by using field measurements and remote sensing data. The bed levels of the study area related to year 1964 were extracted from a tri-dimensional model of the lake derived from a topographic map, based on observations anterior to lake filling. This map was compared with the bed levels estimated for the year 2012, which were extracted from remote sensing data, with the aim to estimate the sediment capacity. The utilized technique for estimating the bathymetric data (depths) from satellite images relies on establishing a Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model between in situ measurements and reflectance data from multi-spectral optical satellite observations. The Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model showed good results in the correlation between field measurements and remote sensing data. The current approach provides flexibility as well as effective time and cost management in calculating depths from remote sensing data when compared to the traditional method applied by Aswan High Dam Authority (AHDA). This study is in the framework of a bilateral project between ASRT of Egypt and CNR of Italy, which is still running.Source: EGU General Assembly 2021, Online Conference, 19-30/04/2021
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu21-13628
Metrics:
Negm A., Hossen H., Elsahabi M., Makboul O., Scozzari A.
This study deals with the quantitative estimation of the accumulated sediment capacity within the period from the initiation of the storage process of Lake Nubia in 1964 until 2012, by using field measurements and remote sensing data. The bed levels of the study area related to year 1964 were extracted from a tri-dimensional model of the lake derived from a topographic map, based on observations anterior to lake filling. This map was compared with the bed levels estimated for the year 2012, which were extracted from remote sensing data, with the aim to estimate the sediment capacity. The utilized technique for estimating the bathymetric data (depths) from satellite images relies on establishing a Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model between in situ measurements and reflectance data from multi-spectral optical satellite observations. The Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model showed good results in the correlation between field measurements and remote sensing data. The current approach provides flexibility as well as effective time and cost management in calculating depths from remote sensing data when compared to the traditional method applied by Aswan High Dam Authority (AHDA). This study is in the framework of a bilateral project between ASRT of Egypt and CNR of Italy, which is still running.Source: EGU General Assembly 2021, Online Conference, 19-30/04/2021
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu21-13628
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meetingorganizer.copernicus.org | ISTI Repository | CNR ExploRA
2021
Contribution to conference
Open Access
Investigating the possible measure to protect groundwater from polluted streams in arid and semi-arid regions: the Eastern Nile Delta case study
Abd-Elaty I., Zelenakova M., Straface S., Vranayová Z., Abuhashim M., Negm A., Scozzari A.
Groundwater is the main source of drinking water in the Nile Delta. Unfortunately, it might be polluted by seepage from polluted streams. This study was carried out to investigate the possible measures to protect groundwater in the Nile delta aquifer using a numerical model (MT3DMS - Mass Transport 3-Dimension Multi-Species). The sources of groundwater contamination were identified and the total dissolved solids (TDS) was taken as an indicator for the contamination. Different strategies were investigated for mitigating the impact of polluted water: i) allocating polluted drains and canals in lower permeability layers; ii) installing cut-off walls in the polluted drains, and finally, iii) using lining materials in polluted drains and canals. Results indicated these measures effective to mitigate the groundwater pollution. In particular, the cut-off wall was effective for contamination reduction in shallow aquifers, whereas it had no effect in the deep aquifer, while lining materials in polluted drains and canals were able to prevent contamination and to protect the freshwater in the aquifers. It is worth mentioning that this study was partially supported by a bilateral project between ASRT (Egypt) and CNR (Italy).Source: EGU General Assembly 2021, Online Conference, 19-30/04/2021
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu21-14734
Metrics:
Abd-Elaty I., Zelenakova M., Straface S., Vranayová Z., Abuhashim M., Negm A., Scozzari A.
Groundwater is the main source of drinking water in the Nile Delta. Unfortunately, it might be polluted by seepage from polluted streams. This study was carried out to investigate the possible measures to protect groundwater in the Nile delta aquifer using a numerical model (MT3DMS - Mass Transport 3-Dimension Multi-Species). The sources of groundwater contamination were identified and the total dissolved solids (TDS) was taken as an indicator for the contamination. Different strategies were investigated for mitigating the impact of polluted water: i) allocating polluted drains and canals in lower permeability layers; ii) installing cut-off walls in the polluted drains, and finally, iii) using lining materials in polluted drains and canals. Results indicated these measures effective to mitigate the groundwater pollution. In particular, the cut-off wall was effective for contamination reduction in shallow aquifers, whereas it had no effect in the deep aquifer, while lining materials in polluted drains and canals were able to prevent contamination and to protect the freshwater in the aquifers. It is worth mentioning that this study was partially supported by a bilateral project between ASRT (Egypt) and CNR (Italy).Source: EGU General Assembly 2021, Online Conference, 19-30/04/2021
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu21-14734
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meetingorganizer.copernicus.org | ISTI Repository | CNR ExploRA
2020
Contribution to conference
Unknown
Estimating Relative and Absolute Sea Level Rise and Vertical Land Movement Rates in the Adriatic Sea with in situ observations and the ESA SL_CCI altimetry dataset
De Biasio F., Vignudelli S., Scozzari A., Papa A., Zecchetto S., Baldin G.
Considerable efforts are made by space agencies and scientists to develop consistent and long-term satellitebased datasets: the European Space Agency (ESA) Climate Change Initiative (CCI) initiative Sea Level Project (SLCCI) is being producing climate-oriented altimeter sea level products optimized for the coastal zone, a monthly-mean gridded product covering the global ocean at 0.25x0.25 degrees (1993-2015). Based on this heritage, the operational production of climateoriented altimeter sea level products has been taken over by the European Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) with a daily-mean product gridded at 0.125x0.125 degrees covering the global ocean 1993-present. In parallel, refined products are expected in the second phase of the SLCCI project. We made a comparison of the SLCCI satellite altimetry dataset with sea level time series at selected tide gauges in the Mediterranean Sea, focusing on Venice and Trieste. There the coast is densely covered by civil settlements and industrial areas with a strongly rooted seaside tourism, and tides and storm-related surges reach higher levels than in most of the Mediterranean Sea, causing damages and casualties as in the recent storm of November 12th, 2019: the second higher water registered in Venice since 1872. Moreover, in the Venice area the ground displacements exhibit clear negative trends which deepen the effects of the absolute sea level rise. Several authors have pointed out the synergy between satellite altimetry and tide gauges to corroborate evidences of ground displacements. Here we exploit the long satellite-altimetry dataset duration and the high quality of sea-level time series at selected tide gauges of the Mediterranean Sea, to estimate the ground displacement rates. While in Venice, in the period 1993-2015, a relative sea level rise trend of about +6.17±1.51 mm y-1 has been determined from tide gauge at Acqua Alta Platform, 14 km offshore, in Trieste the tide gauge registered a trend of +4.10±1.38 mm y-1. Similarly, the altimetry product reports at the closest grid points absolute sea level rise rates of +4.02±1.27 mm y-1 (Venice) and +1.15±1.35 mm y-1 (Trieste). The estimated vertical land displacement rates, following the direct approach [Cazenave et al. 2009], resulted -1.79±0.72 mm y-1 (Venice), and -2.95±0.75 mm y-1 (Trieste). The estimated fitting slopes [Vignudelli et al., 2019] are the object of our investigation using the generalized least mean square procedure with constraints [Menke, 1989]. A partial validation of the resulting estimates has been made against Global Positioning System-derived (GPS) time series at selected stations. This work will contribute to identify problems and challenges to extend the sea level climate record to the coastal zone with quality comparable to open ocean, and also to assess the suitability of altimeter-derived absolute sea levels as a tool to estimate subsidence where permanent GPS receivers are not available. The Northern Adriatic is a laboratory to assess this tool, in particular considering the prospect of coming refined global products that are being generated within the ESA SLCCI extension (CCI+) project.Source: ESA Coastal Altimetry Workshop, ESA-ESRIN, Frascati, 4/2/2020-7/2/2020
De Biasio F., Vignudelli S., Scozzari A., Papa A., Zecchetto S., Baldin G.
Considerable efforts are made by space agencies and scientists to develop consistent and long-term satellitebased datasets: the European Space Agency (ESA) Climate Change Initiative (CCI) initiative Sea Level Project (SLCCI) is being producing climate-oriented altimeter sea level products optimized for the coastal zone, a monthly-mean gridded product covering the global ocean at 0.25x0.25 degrees (1993-2015). Based on this heritage, the operational production of climateoriented altimeter sea level products has been taken over by the European Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) with a daily-mean product gridded at 0.125x0.125 degrees covering the global ocean 1993-present. In parallel, refined products are expected in the second phase of the SLCCI project. We made a comparison of the SLCCI satellite altimetry dataset with sea level time series at selected tide gauges in the Mediterranean Sea, focusing on Venice and Trieste. There the coast is densely covered by civil settlements and industrial areas with a strongly rooted seaside tourism, and tides and storm-related surges reach higher levels than in most of the Mediterranean Sea, causing damages and casualties as in the recent storm of November 12th, 2019: the second higher water registered in Venice since 1872. Moreover, in the Venice area the ground displacements exhibit clear negative trends which deepen the effects of the absolute sea level rise. Several authors have pointed out the synergy between satellite altimetry and tide gauges to corroborate evidences of ground displacements. Here we exploit the long satellite-altimetry dataset duration and the high quality of sea-level time series at selected tide gauges of the Mediterranean Sea, to estimate the ground displacement rates. While in Venice, in the period 1993-2015, a relative sea level rise trend of about +6.17±1.51 mm y-1 has been determined from tide gauge at Acqua Alta Platform, 14 km offshore, in Trieste the tide gauge registered a trend of +4.10±1.38 mm y-1. Similarly, the altimetry product reports at the closest grid points absolute sea level rise rates of +4.02±1.27 mm y-1 (Venice) and +1.15±1.35 mm y-1 (Trieste). The estimated vertical land displacement rates, following the direct approach [Cazenave et al. 2009], resulted -1.79±0.72 mm y-1 (Venice), and -2.95±0.75 mm y-1 (Trieste). The estimated fitting slopes [Vignudelli et al., 2019] are the object of our investigation using the generalized least mean square procedure with constraints [Menke, 1989]. A partial validation of the resulting estimates has been made against Global Positioning System-derived (GPS) time series at selected stations. This work will contribute to identify problems and challenges to extend the sea level climate record to the coastal zone with quality comparable to open ocean, and also to assess the suitability of altimeter-derived absolute sea levels as a tool to estimate subsidence where permanent GPS receivers are not available. The Northern Adriatic is a laboratory to assess this tool, in particular considering the prospect of coming refined global products that are being generated within the ESA SLCCI extension (CCI+) project.Source: ESA Coastal Altimetry Workshop, ESA-ESRIN, Frascati, 4/2/2020-7/2/2020
See at: CNR ExploRA